Logical Reasoning

Statement and Arguments - Expert Level

Logical Reasoning Exercise Mode

Statement and Arguments - Expert Level

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Directions to Solve

Study the following instructions carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable that a candidate is able to distinguish between 'strong' and 'weak' arguments so far as they relate to the questions.

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

(A)  If only argument I is strong

(B)  If only argument II is strong

(C)  If either I or II is strong

(D)  If neither I nor II is strong and

(E)  If both I and II are strong.

Question 21
Statement : Should jobs be linked with academic degrees and diplomas ?
Arguments :

I. No. A very large number of persons with meagre academic qualification will apply.
I. No. Importance of higher education will be diminished.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option B

Clearly, delinking jobs with degrees will diminish the need for higher education as many of them pursue such education for jobs. So, only argument II is strong.

Question 22
Statement : should public holidays be declared on demise on important national leaders ?
Arguments :

I. No. Such unscheduled holidays hamper national progress.
II. Yes. People would like to pay their homage to the departed soul.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option A

Clearly, unscheduled and untimely holidays would naturally cause the work to suffer. So, argument I holds strong. Also, a holiday is not necessary to pay homage to someone. So, argument II is vague.

Question 23
Statement : Should cutting of trees be banned altogether ?
Arguments :

I. Yes. It is very much necessary to do so to restore ecological balance.
II. No. A total ban would harm timber based industries.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option E

Trees play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance and so must be preserved. So, argument I hold. Also, trees from basic source of timber and a complete ban on cutting of trees would harm timber based industries. So, only a controlled cutting of trees should be allowed and the loss replenished by planting more trees. So, argument II is also valid.

Question 24
Statement : Should the practice of transfers of clerical cadre employees from government offices of one city to those of another be stopped ?
Arguments :

I. No. Transfer of employees is a routine administrative matter and we must continue it.
II. Yes. It involves a lots of governmental expenditure and inconvenience to many compared to the benefits it yields.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option D

It is not necessary that any practice which has been in vogue for a long time is right and it must be continued or discontinued in view of its merits/demerits and not on grounds of the expenditure or procedures it entails. The policy of transfer is generally practiced to do away with corruption, which is absolutely essential. So, argument II also does not hold.

Question 25
Statement : Should religion be banned ?
Arguments :

I. Yes. It develops fanaticism in people.
II. No. Religion binds people together
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option C

Religion binds people through the name of God and human values. But at the same time it may create differences and ill - will among people. So, either of the arguments hold strong.

Question 26
Statement : Should the tuition fees in all post - graduate courses be hiked considerably ?
Arguments :

I. Yes. This will bring in some sense of seriousness among the students and will improve the quality.
II. No. This will force the meritorious poor students to stay away from post - graduate courses.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option B

A hike in fees is no means to make the students more serious in studies. So, argument I is vague. However, with the increase in fees, poor meritorious poor students would not be able to afford post - graduate studies. So, argument II holds.

Question 27
Statement : Should high chimneys be installed in industries ?
Arguments :

I. Yes. It reduces the pollution at ground level.
II. No. It increases pollution in upper atmosphere
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option A
<p> Pollution at ground level is the most hazardous in the way of being injurious to human and animal life. So, argument I alone holds.
Question 28
Statement : Should there be restriction on the migration of people from one state to another state in India ?
Arguments :

I. No. Any Indian citizen has a basic right to stay at any place of his/her choice and hence they cannot be stopped.
II. Yes. This is the way to effect an equitable distribution of resources across the state in India.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong and
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option A

Clearly, argument I holds strong, while argument II is vague.

Question 29
Statement : Should individuals/institutes having treasures of national significance like Nobel prizes, hand them over to the Central Government for their safe custody ?
Arguments :

I. Yes. The individuals or institutions do not have enough resources to protect them.
II. No. These are the property of the individuals /institutions who win them and should be in their custody.
A
Only argument I is strong
B
Only argument II is strong
C
Either I or II is strong
D
Neither I nor II is strong
E
Both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option B

Clearly, the awards are given for individual excellence and perfection. So, only argument II holds strong.

Question 30
Statement : Should the educated unemployed youth be paid "unemployment allowance" by the Government ?
Argument : 

I. Yes. It will provide them some monetary help to either seek employment or to kick start some  'self - employment' venture.
II. No. It will dampen their urge to do something to earn their livelihood and thus promote idleness among the unemployed youth.
A
Only argument I is strong
B
Only argument II is strong
C
Either I or II is strong
D
Neither I nor II is strong
E
Both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: Option E

Young people, who do not get employment due to the large number of applicants in all fields, must surely be given allowance so that they can support themselves . So, argument I is valid. However, such allowance would mar the spirit to work, in them and make them idle. So, argument II also holds.

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