Sample Questions
Data Sufficiency · Study material
Sample Questions – Data Sufficiency
Data Sufficiency questions evaluate a candidate’s ability to determine whether the provided information is enough to answer a question logically. These questions are frequently asked in Banking, SSC, MBA entrance exams, Insurance, Railway, and other competitive examinations.
Below are important exam-oriented sample questions with detailed logical explanations and sufficiency analysis.
Sample Question 1 – Mathematical Sufficiency
Question:
What is the value of x?
Statement I: x + 5 = 10
Statement II: x − 3 = 2
Options:
A. Statement I alone is sufficient
B. Statement II alone is sufficient
C. Both statements together are sufficient
D. Either statement alone is sufficient
E. Both statements together are insufficient
Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statement I gives x = 5
- Statement II also gives x = 5
Either statement alone is sufficient.
Sample Question 2 – Age Problem
Question:
Find Rahul’s age.
Statement I: Rahul is 5 years older than Aman.
Statement II: Aman is 20 years old.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement I alone is insufficient because Aman’s age is unknown.
Statement II alone is insufficient because Rahul’s relation is unknown.
Combining both:
Rahul = 20 + 5 = 25
Both statements together are sufficient.
Sample Question 3 – Blood Relation
Question:
How is P related to Q?
Statement I: P is the child of Q.
Statement II: P is male.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
- Statement I alone → P may be son or daughter.
- Statement II alone → only gender is known.
Combining both:
P is the son of Q.
Sample Question 4 – Direction Sense
Question:
In which direction is A facing?
Statement I: A turns left from North.
Statement II: A walks 10 meters.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Turning left from North means A faces West.
Distance walked is irrelevant.
Statement I alone is sufficient.
Sample Question 5 – Ranking Problem
Question:
What is Ravi’s rank from the top?
Statement I: Ravi is 7th from the bottom.
Statement II: There are 20 students in the class.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Rank from top:
20 − 7 + 1 = 14
Both statements together are sufficient.
Sample Question 6 – Average Problem
Question:
What is the average of three numbers?
Statement I: Their sum is 60.
Statement II: There are three numbers.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Average = Sum ÷ Number of terms
60 ÷ 3 = 20
Both statements together are sufficient.
Sample Question 7 – Geometry Problem
Question:
Find the area of a rectangle.
Statement I: Length = 10 cm
Statement II: Breadth = 5 cm
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Area = Length × Breadth
10 × 5 = 50 cm²
Both statements together are sufficient.
Sample Question 8 – Logical Sufficiency
Question:
Is Rohan taller than Amit?
Statement I: Rohan is taller than Suresh.
Statement II: Amit is shorter than Suresh.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Combining:
Rohan > Suresh > Amit
Therefore, Rohan is taller than Amit.
Sample Question 9 – Speed Problem
Question:
Find the speed of a car.
Statement I: Distance traveled = 120 km
Statement II: Time taken = 2 hours
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
120 ÷ 2 = 60 km/h
Sample Question 10 – Probability Problem
Question:
What is the probability of getting a head?
Statement I: A fair coin is tossed once.
Statement II: The coin has two sides.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
A fair coin tossed once gives probability of head = 1/2.
Statement I alone is sufficient.
Sample Question 11 – Coding-Decoding
Question:
What is the code for CAT?
Statement I: C is coded as 3.
Statement II: A is coded as 1 and T as 20.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Both statements together provide complete coding information.
Sample Question 12 – Profit and Loss
Question:
Find the selling price.
Statement I: Cost price = ₹500
Statement II: Profit = 20%
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Selling Price = 500 + 20% of 500
= ₹600
Sample Question 13 – Insufficient Data
Question:
What is the age of Mohan?
Statement I: Mohan is younger than Ravi.
Statement II: Ravi is older than Sohan.
Correct Answer: E
Explanation:
Exact age cannot be determined even after combining both statements.
Therefore, the information is insufficient.
Sample Question 14 – Either Statement Alone
Question:
Find the value of y.
Statement I: y = 15
Statement II: 3y = 45
Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
Both statements independently give:
y = 15
Either statement alone is sufficient.
Sample Question 15 – Seating Arrangement
Question:
Who sits immediately to the left of Rahul?
Statement I: Amit sits to the left of Rahul.
Statement II: Rahul faces North.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Statement I directly answers the question.
Direction information is unnecessary.
Quick Solving Tips for Data Sufficiency
- Read the question carefully.
- Check Statement I independently first.
- Analyze Statement II separately.
- Combine statements only when required.
- Never assume extra information.
- Focus on sufficiency, not full solving.
- Look for unique answers only.
- Use elimination technique wherever possible.
Most Important Data Sufficiency Topics in Exams
| Topic | Importance Level |
|---|---|
| Mathematical Equations | Very High |
| Blood Relations | High |
| Direction Sense | High |
| Ranking Problems | High |
| Profit & Loss | Moderate |
| Logical Comparisons | High |
Practice Strategy
- Practice statement analysis daily.
- Focus on logical sufficiency rather than calculations.
- Learn standard answer patterns thoroughly.
- Solve previous year reasoning questions.
- Improve observation and elimination skills.
- Avoid making assumptions.
Final Takeaway
Sample Questions in Data Sufficiency help candidates improve logical reasoning ability, analytical thinking, statement evaluation, and structured decision-making skills. Regular practice strengthens the ability to determine whether the given information is sufficient to answer a question uniquely.
Strong command over mathematical reasoning, logical interpretation, and statement analysis greatly improves speed and accuracy in competitive examinations.