Indian Politics - Section 1
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Lok Sabha is composed of representatives of the people chosen by direct election on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution is 552, which is made up by election of upto 530 members to represent the States, upto 20 members to represent the Union Territories and not more than two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the Hon'ble President, if, in his/her opinion, that community is not adequately represented in the House. The total elective membership is distributed among the States in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each State and the population of the State is, so far as practicable, the same for all States.
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The first mid-term elections for Lok Sabha were held in
India held general elections to the 4th Lok Sabha in 1967 in which the Indian National Congress lost nearly 60 seats in the Lower House, managing to win 283 seats.The Congress’ dismal electoral performance forced Indira Gandhi to become assertive and opt for a series of choices that put her against the Congress Party high command. The Congress expelled her for “indiscipline” on November 12, 1969, an action that split the party into two factions: the Congress (O)-for Organisation-led by Morarji Desai, and the Congress (I)—for Indira-led by Indira Gandhi. Indira continued to head a minority government with support from the CPI(M) till December 1970. Not wanting to head a minority government any longer, she called for a mid-term election to the Lok Sabha in March 1971 a full one year ahead of schedule. The 5th Lok Sabha with 518 elected members came into being and the Congress won a majority.