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Word Formation

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Word Formation

📋 Quick-reference guides with key formulas and must-know concepts. Perfect for daily practice, last-minute revision, and on-the-go learning.

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Word Formation – Cheat Sheet

Word Formation is an important topic in Verbal Reasoning and English Language sections, frequently tested in SSC, Banking, Railway, UPSC, Defence, Insurance, CAT, and other competitive examinations.

This cheat sheet helps candidates solve word formation problems involving scrambled letters, prefixes, suffixes, compound words, anagrams, and letter-based word formation. It covers common prefixes and suffixes, jumbled word solving techniques, and shortcut methods for quick problem-solving.


About This Cheat Sheet

Complete guide to Word Formation for competitive exams:

Scrambled Letters

  • Jumbled Words
  • Rearranging Letters
  • Finding Meaningful Words
  • Word Puzzles

Prefix Addition

  • un-, re-, pre-, mis-
  • dis-, non-, anti-
  • post-, over-, under-
  • sub-, inter-, super-

Suffix Addition

  • -able, -ible, -tion
  • -ment, -ness, -ful
  • -less, -ly, -er
  • -ist, -ian, -ism

Compound Words

  • Combining Two Words
  • Rain + Bow = Rainbow
  • Sun + Flower = Sunflower
  • Common Compounds

Anagrams

  • Using All Letters
  • LISTEN → SILENT
  • EARTH → HEART
  • Word Rearrangement

Partial Formation

  • Using One or More Letters
  • From Given Word
  • Letter Selection
  • Word Construction

Letter Verification

  • Can Be Formed
  • Cannot Be Formed
  • Letter Availability Check
  • Elimination Method

Shortcut Techniques

  • Quick Letter Matching
  • Elimination Method
  • Pattern Recognition
  • Exam-Oriented Tricks

Topics Covered

This cheat sheet covers all important Word Formation topics for quick revision:

Topic Description Example
Scrambled Letters Rearranging jumbled letters to form words RAEHT → HEART
Prefix Formation Adding prefixes to root words un + happy = unhappy
Suffix Formation Adding suffixes to root words happy + ness = happiness
Compound Words Combining two words to form a new word rain + bow = rainbow
Anagrams Using all letters of a word to form another LISTEN → SILENT
Partial Formation Using some letters from a given word COMPUTER → PUT, COT
Letter Verification Checking if a word can be formed from given letters A, C, T → ACT, CAT (not TAR)
Jumbled Words Identifying correct word from letters LLEH → HELL

Common Prefixes & Suffixes

Common Prefixes

PrefixMeaningExample
un-Notunhappy, unfair
re-Againrewrite, rebuild
pre-Beforepreview, prehistoric
mis-Wrongmistake, misplace
dis-Oppositedisagree, disappear
non-Notnonstop, nonsense
anti-Againstantisocial, antibiotic
post-Afterpostdate, postwar
over-Too muchovereat, overcharge
under-Too littleundercook, underpay
sub-Belowsubway, submarine
inter-Betweeninternational, interconnect
super-Abovesupermarket, superstar
trans-Acrosstransport, transform
co-Togethercooperate, coexist
bi-Twobicycle, bilingual

Common Suffixes

SuffixMeaningExample
-ableCan be donereadable, washable
-ibleCan be donevisible, edible
-tionAction/statecreation, education
-sionAction/statedivision, decision
-mentAction/resultmovement, enjoyment
-nessQuality/statehappiness, darkness
-fulFull ofbeautiful, helpful
-lessWithoutcareless, homeless
-lyIn a mannerquickly, slowly
-erOne who doesteacher, player
-orOne who doesactor, doctor
-istOne who doesartist, scientist
-ianBelongs tomusician, librarian
-ismBelief/systemcapitalism, heroism
-ityQuality/stateactivity, ability
-enceState/qualitydifference, confidence
-anceState/qualityimportance, resistance

Why This Cheat Sheet is Important

Master Word Formation

Learn to form words from scrambled letters, prefixes, suffixes, and compound words.

Build Vocabulary

Understanding prefixes and suffixes helps in expanding vocabulary quickly.

Solve Quickly

Apply elimination and letter-matching techniques for fast problem-solving.

High Exam Weightage

Word Formation questions appear frequently in reasoning and English sections.


Competitive Exams Covered

  • SSC CGL
  • SSC CHSL
  • SSC MTS
  • Bank PO & Clerk
  • IBPS Exams
  • Railway Recruitment Exams
  • UPSC CSAT
  • Defence Exams
  • Insurance Exams
  • CAT
  • State Government Exams

Quick Exam-Oriented Examples

Question 1:

Rearrange the following scrambled letters to form a meaningful word:

R A E H T


Step 1: Letters: R, A, E, H, T

Step 2: Try possible arrangements: HEART, EARTH, HATER

Step 3: All are meaningful words. The most common is HEART.

Answer: HEART

Question 2:

Rearrange the following scrambled letters to form a meaningful word:

L L E H


Step 1: Letters: L, L, E, H

Step 2: Possible arrangements: HELL, LEHL, etc.

Step 3: The meaningful word is HELL.

Answer: HELL

Question 3:

Add a suitable prefix to the word "HAPPY" to make its opposite.


Step 1: HAPPY means feeling pleasure.

Step 2: To make it opposite, we need a prefix meaning "not".

Step 3: un- is the correct prefix: un + happy = unhappy

Answer: UNHAPPY

Question 4:

Add a suitable suffix to the word "HAPPY" to make a noun.


Step 1: HAPPY is an adjective.

Step 2: To make a noun, add -ness: happy + ness = happiness

Answer: HAPPINESS

Question 5:

Which of the following is a compound word?

A) Rainbow    B) Happiness    C) Quickly    D) Actor


Step 1: Rainbow = rain + bow (two words combined)

Step 2: Happiness = happy + ness (suffix addition)

Step 3: Quickly = quick + ly (suffix addition)

Step 4: Actor = act + or (suffix addition)

Answer: A) Rainbow

Question 6:

Which word is an anagram of "LISTEN"?

A) SILENT    B) TINSEL    C) Both A and B    D) None


Step 1: LISTEN has letters: L, I, S, T, E, N

Step 2: SILENT has: S, I, L, E, N, T — same letters ✓

Step 3: TINSEL has: T, I, N, S, E, L — same letters ✓

Step 4: Both are anagrams of LISTEN.

Answer: C) Both A and B

Question 7:

From the letters of the word "COMPUTER", which of the following words can be formed?

A) PUT    B) COT    C) MOP    D) All of these


Step 1: COMPUTER has letters: C, O, M, P, U, T, E, R

Step 2: PUT uses: P, U, T — available ✓

Step 3: COT uses: C, O, T — available ✓

Step 4: MOP uses: M, O, P — available ✓

Answer: D) All of these

Question 8:

From the letters of the word "EXPLORATION", which word CANNOT be formed?

A) EXPLAIN    B) TRAIN    C) RATION    D) PORTION


Step 1: EXPLORATION letters: E, X, P, L, O, R, A, T, I, O, N

Step 2: TRAIN uses: T, R, A, I, N — available ✓

Step 3: RATION uses: R, A, T, I, O, N — available ✓

Step 4: PORTION uses: P, O, R, T, I, O, N — available ✓

Step 5: EXPLAIN uses: E, X, P, L, A, I, N — X is not in EXPLORATION! ✗

Answer: A) EXPLAIN

Question 9:

Arrange the following jumbled letters to form a meaningful word:

T C A


Step 1: Letters: T, C, A

Step 2: Possible arrangements: ACT, CAT, TAC

Step 3: Both ACT and CAT are meaningful words.

Answer: ACT or CAT

Question 10:

How many meaningful words can be formed from the letters A, C, T using all letters?


Step 1: Letters: A, C, T

Step 2: All possible arrangements: ACT, CAT, TAC

Step 3: Meaningful words: ACT, CAT (TAC is not a standard word)

Step 4: Number of meaningful words = 2

Answer: 2 (ACT, CAT)

Question 11:

Which word is formed by adding both a prefix and a suffix to the root word "USE"?

A) REUSE    B) USABLE    C) REUSABLE    D) USAGE


Step 1: REUSE = re- (prefix) + USE (root) — only prefix

Step 2: USABLE = USE (root) + -able (suffix) — only suffix

Step 3: REUSABLE = re- (prefix) + USE (root) + -able (suffix) — both!

Step 4: USAGE = USE (root) + -age (suffix) — only suffix

Answer: C) REUSABLE


Final Takeaway

Word Formation questions test your vocabulary, letter arrangement skills, and understanding of prefixes and suffixes. The key is to recognize common prefixes and suffixes, identify letter patterns, and apply elimination techniques for verification questions.

Regular practice of scrambled letters, prefix/suffix addition, compound words, anagrams, and letter verification will significantly improve your speed and accuracy. This cheat sheet serves as a complete revision resource for mastering Word Formation questions in competitive examinations.


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